2018\u5e741\u67084\u65e5\uff0cJann Horn\u7b49\u5b89\u5168\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u62ab\u9732\u4e86\u201dMeltdown\u201d(CVE-2017-5754)\u548c\u201dSpectre\u201d(CVE-2017-5753& CVE-2017-5715)\u4e24\u7ec4CPU\u7279\u6027\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002<\/b><\/p>\n
\u636e\u6089\uff0c\u6f0f\u6d1e\u4f1a\u9020\u6210CPU\u8fd0\u4f5c\u673a\u5236\u4e0a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6cc4\u9732\uff0c\u4f4e\u6743\u7ea7\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6f0f\u6d1e\u6765\u8fdc\u7a0b\u6cc4\u9732\uff08\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5f62\u5f0f\uff09\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u6216\u672c\u5730\u6cc4\u9732\u66f4\u9ad8\u6743\u7ea7\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b9e\u9645\u653b\u51fb\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u5230\uff0c<\/p>\n
\u6cc4\u9732\u51fa\u672c\u5730\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e95\u5c42\u8fd0\u4f5c\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u79d8\u94a5\u4fe1\u606f\u7b49\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u83b7\u53d6\u6cc4\u9732\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed5\u8fc7\u5185\u6838(Kernel), \u865a\u62df\u673a\u8d85\u7ea7\u7ba1\u7406\u5668(HyperVisor)\u7684\u9694\u79bb\u9632\u62a4\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6cc4\u9732\u5230\u5176\u5b83\u79df\u6237\u9690\u79c1\u4fe1\u606f\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u6cc4\u9732\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u7684\u5e10\u53f7\uff0c\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u90ae\u7bb1,cookie\u7b49\u7528\u6237\u9690\u79c1\u4fe1\u606f\uff1b<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
\u76ee\u524d\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u5382\u5546\uff0c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u90fd\u5728\u79ef\u6781\u5e94\u5bf9\u8be5\u7cfb\u5217\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u5382\u5546\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b89\u5168\u56e2\u961f\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u201dMeltdown\u201d\u548c\u201dSpectre\u201d\u6f0f\u6d1e\u5f71\u54cd\u4e25\u91cd\uff0c\u4fee\u590d\u6d41\u7a0b\u8f83\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u76f8\u5173\u4f01\u4e1a\/\u7528\u6237\u52a1\u5fc5\u4f5c\u597d\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4fee\u590d\u8bc4\u4f30\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
0\u00d701 \u4e8b\u4ef6\u5f71\u54cd\u9762<\/h2>\n
\u5f71\u54cd\u9762<\/h3>\n
\u6f0f\u6d1e\u98ce\u9669\u7b49\u7ea7\u4e25\u91cd\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u5e7f\u6cdb\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u8fd120\u5e74\u7684Intel, AMD,\u3000Qualcomm\u5382\u5bb6\u548c\u5176\u5b83ARM\u7684\u5904\u7406\u5668\u53d7\u5230\u5f71\u54cd\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u56e0\u4e3a\u6b64\u6b21CPU\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6027\uff0c\u5305\u62ecLinux, Windows, OSX\u7b49\u5728\u5185\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e73\u53f0\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e86\u4fee\u590d\uff1b<\/p>\n
Firefox, Chrome, Edge\u7b49\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e5f\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u516c\u544a\u548c\u7f13\u89e3\u65b9\u6848\uff1b<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7f16\u53f7<\/h3>\n
Meltdown<\/b><\/p>\n
o \u00a0 CVE-2017-5754<\/p>\n
Spectre\u6f0f\u6d1e<\/b><\/p>\n
o \u00a0 CVE-2017-5715<\/p>\n
o \u00a0 CVE-2017-5753<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u5b89\u5168\u516c\u544a<\/h3>\n
Intel<\/b><\/p>\n
o \u00a0 https:\/\/newsroom.intel.com\/news\/intel-responds-to-security-research-findings\/<\/a><\/p>\n
o \u00a0 https:\/\/security-center.intel.com\/advisory.aspx?intelid=INTEL-SA-00088&languageid=en-fr<\/a><\/p>\n
Microsoft<\/b><\/p>\n
o \u00a0 https:\/\/portal.msrc.microsoft.com\/en-US\/security-guidance\/advisory\/ADV180002<\/a><\/p>\n
Amazon<\/b><\/p>\n
o \u00a0 https:\/\/aws.amazon.com\/de\/security\/security-bulletins\/AWS-2018-013\/<\/a><\/p>\n
ARM<\/b><\/p>\n
o \u00a0 https:\/\/developer.arm.com\/support\/security-update<\/a><\/p>\n
Google<\/b><\/p>\n
o \u00a0 https:\/\/googleprojectzero.blogspot.co.at\/2018\/01\/reading-privileged-memory-with-side.html<\/a><\/p>\n
o \u00a0 https:\/\/www.chromium.org\/Home\/chromium-security\/ssca<\/a><\/p>\n
MITRE<\/b><\/p>\n
o \u00a0 http:\/\/www.cve.mitre.org\/cgi-bin\/cvename.cgi?name=2017-5715<\/a><\/p>\n
o \u00a0 http:\/\/www.cve.mitre.org\/cgi-bin\/cvename.cgi?name=2017-5753<\/a><\/p>\n
o \u00a0 http:\/\/www.cve.mitre.org\/cgi-bin\/cvename.cgi?name=2017-5754<\/a><\/p>\n
Red Hat<\/b><\/p>\n
o \u00a0 https:\/\/access.redhat.com\/security\/vulnerabilities\/speculativeexecution<\/a><\/p>\n
Xen<\/b><\/p>\n
o \u00a0 http:\/\/xenbits.xen.org\/xsa\/advisory-254.html<\/a><\/p>\n
Mozilla<\/b><\/p>\n
o \u00a0 https:\/\/blog.mozilla.org\/security\/2018\/01\/03\/mitigations-landing-new-class-timing-attack\/<\/a><\/p>\n
VMware<\/b><\/p>\n
o \u00a0 https:\/\/www.vmware.com\/us\/security\/advisories\/VMSA-2018-0002.html<\/a><\/p>\n
AMD<\/b><\/p>\n
o \u00a0 https:\/\/www.amd.com\/en\/corporate\/speculative-execution<\/a><\/p>\n
0\u00d702 \u6f0f\u6d1e\u4fe1\u606f<\/h2>\n
\u6ce8\uff1a\u672c\u6bb5\u6587\u5b57\u4e2d\u90e8\u5206\u5f15\u7528\u4e86\u76f8\u5173\u5b89\u5168\u516c\u544a\uff0c\u5982\u6709\u5f02\u8bae\u8bf7\u8054\u7cfbcert@360.cn\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
\u73b0\u4ee3\u5904\u7406\u5668\uff08CPU\uff09\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\u673a\u5236\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u52a0\u901f\u6267\u884c\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u63a8\u6d4b\u6267\u884c\uff08SpeculativeExecution\uff09\u548c\u95f4\u63a5\u5206\u652f\u9884\u6d4b\uff08Indirect Branch Prediction)\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u5668\u662f\u4f9d\u6b21\u987a\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u65e2\u5b9a\u7684\u5904\u7406\u5668\u6307\u4ee4\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u5904\u7406\u5668\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u5229\u7528\u5904\u7406\u5668\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u59cb\u542f\u7528\u5e76\u884c\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6280\u672f\u5df2\u7ecf\u5e94\u7528\u4e8620\u5e74\u5de6\u53f3(1995\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb)\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u731c\u6d4b\u6216\u6982\u7387\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u6216\u5206\u652f\u8fd8\u672a\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6210\u524d\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u6267\u884c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u6216\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u731c\u5bf9\u4e86\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\uff0cCPU\u6267\u884c\u52a0\u901f\u4e86\u3002\u5982\u679c\u731c\u6d4b\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\uff0c\u5219\u53d6\u6d88\u64cd\u4f5c\u5e76\u6062\u590d\u5230\u539f\u6765\u7684\u73b0\u573a\uff08\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u4f1a\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u3002\u6574\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6bd4\u6ca1\u6709\u731c\u6d4b\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6162\uff0c\u5373CPU\u7684\u63a8\u6d4b\u6267\u884c\uff08Speculative Execution\uff09\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u67b6\u6784\u72b6\u6001\u88ab\u56de\u6eda\u4e86\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u4e9b\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982TLB\u6216\u7f13\u5b58\u72b6\u6001\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u56de\u6eda\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u968f\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u9ed1\u5ba2\u901a\u8fc7\u65c1\u9053\u653b\u51fb(SideChannel Attack)\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u7f13\u5b58\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u80fd\u89e6\u53d1\u63a8\u6d4b\u6267\u884c\u53bb\u8bbf\u95ee\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u654f\u611f\u6570\u636e\u533a\u57df\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\u539f\u672c\u662f\u5176\u5b83\u7528\u6237\u6216\u66f4\u9ad8\u7279\u6743\u7ea7\u7684\u654f\u611f\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u731c\u6d4b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u201c\u6c61\u67d3\u201d\u7684\uff0c\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u6784\u9020\u51fa\u7c7b\u4f3cROP\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u53bb\u5f71\u54cd\u63a8\u6d4b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u6839\u636e\u4f5c\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u573a\u666f\uff1a<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u201c\u8fb9\u754c\u68c0\u67e5\u7ed5\u8fc7\u201d\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u6c61\u67d3\u5206\u652f\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u6765\u7ed5\u8fc7kernel\u6216hypervisor\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5bf9\u8c61\u8fb9\u754c\u68c0\u6d4b\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u9ad8\u6743\u7ea7\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\uff0c\u6216\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u4e2dhypercall\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6784\u9020\u7684\u6076\u610f\u4ee3\u7801\u6765\u89e6\u53d1\u6709\u8d8a\u754c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e0b\u6807\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u8d8a\u754c\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u201c\u5206\u652f\u76ee\u6807\u6ce8\u5165\u201d\uff1a \u6c61\u67d3\u5206\u652f\u9884\u6d4b\u3002\u62bd\u8c61\u6a21\u578b\u6bd4\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5f80\u5f80\u5e26\u6709\u95f4\u63a5\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0cCPU\u5728\u5904\u7406\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6709\u70b9\u6162\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5CPU\u4f1a\u9884\u6d4b\u5206\u652f\u3002\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684ROP\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u4fe1\u606f\u6cc4\u9732\u3002<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u201c\u6d41\u6c13\u6570\u636e\u52a0\u8f7d\u201d\uff1a\u90e8\u5206CPU\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u901f\u5ea6\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u5bf9\u6307\u4ee4\u4f5c\u6743\u9650\u68c0\u67e5\u7684\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u5b9e\u9645\u653b\u51fb\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u5230\uff0c<\/p>\n
\u6cc4\u9732\u51fa\u672c\u5730\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e95\u5c42\u8fd0\u4f5c\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u79d8\u94a5\u4fe1\u606f\u7b49\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u83b7\u53d6\u6cc4\u9732\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed5\u8fc7\u5185\u6838(Kernel), \u865a\u62df\u673a\u8d85\u7ea7\u7ba1\u7406\u5668(HyperVisor)\u7684\u9694\u79bb\u9632\u62a4\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6cc4\u9732\u5230\u5176\u5b83\u79df\u6237\u9690\u79c1\u4fe1\u606f\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u6cc4\u9732\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u7684\u5e10\u53f7\uff0c\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u90ae\u7bb1,cookie\u7b49\u7528\u6237\u9690\u79c1\u4fe1\u606f\uff1b<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
\u76ee\u524d\u51e0\u5927\u7cfb\u7edf\u5382\u5546\u5404\u81ea\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u5f15\u5165\u4e86KPTI\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u548c\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7684\u9875\u8868\u9694\u79bb\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u201dMeltdown\u201d\u548c\u201dSpectre\u201d\u6f0f\u6d1e\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f46\u6839\u636e\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\u53ef\u80fd\u5e26\u67655%\u523030%\u6027\u80fd\u4e0a\u7684\u635f\u5931\u3002 360\u5b89\u5168\u56e2\u961f\u4f1a\u6301\u7eed\u5173\u6ce8\u82af\u7247\u5382\u5546\u4fee\u590d\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u51fa\u53f0\u3002<\/p>\n
0\u00d703 \u5b89\u5168\u5efa\u8bae<\/h2>\n
\u201cMeltdown\u201d\u548c\u201dSpectre\u201d\u6f0f\u6d1e\u4fee\u590d\u6d41\u7a0b\u76f8\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u90e8\u5206\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e0d\u517c\u5bb9\u95ee\u9898\uff08\u5982\u6740\u6bd2\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7b49\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
360CERT\u5efa\u8bae\u76f8\u5173\u4f01\u4e1a\/\u7528\u6237\u52a1\u5fc5\u4f5c\u597d\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4fee\u590d\u8bc4\u4f30\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5177\u4f53\u8bc4\u4f30\u548c\u4fee\u590d\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u76f8\u5173\u5382\u5546\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u516c\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n
0\u00d704 \u65f6\u95f4\u7ebf<\/h2>\n
2018-01-04 Google\u7684JannHorn\u53d1\u5e03\u6f0f\u6d1e\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n
2018-01-04 360\u5b89\u5168\u56e2\u961f\u53d1\u5e03\u9884\u8b66\u901a\u544a<\/p>\n
0\u00d705 \u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599<\/h2>\n
https:\/\/meltdownattack.com\/meltdown.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n
https:\/\/spectreattack.com\/spectre.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n
http:\/\/xenbits.xen.org\/xsa\/advisory-254.html<\/a><\/p>\n